Blue Care believe the best way to live well is to be healthier. To live a healthy life, you cannot just talk about it on paper.Regular Health Check is one of the ways to cultivate healthy living habits. It can help you understand your current physical condition and detect potential disease-causing health problems early.- We offer 2025 Chinese New Year Check-up offer, up to 32% discounts off. You can also enjoy special price of HK$215 to receive flu vaccine when you purchase a designated check-up plan (original price is HK$350).-Please click here-for check-up plan details.-Please contact Blue Care Medical Centre-for appointment. Central clinic : 2523 1808Kwun Tong clinic : 2523 9383-Notes:1. Offer valid till 28 Feb 2025. Advance appointment is required.2. Offer cannot be used in conjunction with other promotion offers.3. In case of disputes, the decision of Blue Care Medical Centre shall be final.

Make sure you have a regular check-up every year !-Annual physical exams are very important for your health. You can enjoy up to 52% off with the designated credit card payment at Blue Care Medical Centre.-Please click here for check-up plan details.Please click here for check-up preparation._For appointment, please contact Blue Care Medical Centre.

Your health is your most important asset. With regular health screening you can detect disease at an early stage when treatment is often most effective. Enjoy up to 55% discounts on medical check-ups with your BEA Credit Card._All BEA Credit CardsSupremeGold World MasterCard / World MasterCard_Please visit The Bank of East Asia website for more details.

HPV 9 vaccine is recommended for male or female aged 9 or over. Itprevents against vaccine against cervical cancer as well as other HPV-related cancers or diseases such as cervical, vulvar, vaginal, anal cancers and genital warts caused by 9 types of HPV._Genuine HPV 9 vaccine is provided in Blue Care Medical Centre with registration in Hong Kong and supplied from Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD)._Age rangeSpecial Price (HK$)Original Price (HK$)9 -14 $3,800 (2 doses)$4,700 (2 doses)15 and above $4,850 (3 doses)$7,000 (3 doses)_Please click to view HPV FAQ._For appointment, please contact Blue Care Medical Centre._Notes:1. Prior doctor assessment before the first vaccination is included.2. Offer valid till 28 February 2025.3. Full payment of all doses must be made in the 1vaccination. Any fees paid will not be transferable and will not be refundable. HPV 9 Vaccination injection will be valid for 6 months starting from the date of the first injection.4. Offer is valid while stock lasts.

From now till 31 December 2025, spend with designated credit cards to enjoy HK$5,200 for SHINGRIX Shingles vaccine (2 doses) offer. -We welcome you to contact Blue Care Medical Centre for details and schedule an appointment.-Central clinic Tel : 2523 1808Address : 10/F, 33 Des Voeux Road Central, Central, Hong Kong(MTR Central Station Exit “B” or Hong Kong Station Exit “C”)-Kwun Tong clinic Tel : 2523 9383Address: Unit 2802, 28/F, BEA Tower, Millennium City 5, 418 Kwun Tong Road, Kowloon (MTR Kwun Tong Station Exit “A2”)-Notes:1. Applicable to aged 50 or above/aged 18 years or above at increased risk of herpes zoster only. Doctor's assessment prior to the vaccination is included.2. This offer cannot be used in conjunction with other discount or promotion offers.3. Offer is valid while stock lasts.4. SHINGRIX Vaccination injection will be valid for 6 months starting from the date of the first injection.

Blue Care Medical Centre provides 15 - Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate (PCV15) vaccination service. Blue Care has joined Government Vaccination Schemes. The Enquiries and appointment is available now.-Central clinic Tel : 2523 1808Address : 10/F, 33 Des Voeux Road Central, Central, Hong Kong(MTR Central Station Exit “B” or Hong Kong Station Exit “C”)-Kwun Tong clinic Tel : 2523 9383Address: Unit 2802, 28/F, BEA Tower, Millennium City 5, 418 Kwun Tong Road, Kowloon (MTR Kwun Tong Station Exit “A2”)_According to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), Pneumonia ranks as the second leading cause of death in Hong Kong. Its mainly caused by serotype 3. Streptococcus pneumoniae causes a wide range of diseases, more common ones include middle ear infection (acute otitis media) and chest infection (pneumonia)._Price:HK$1,650 per doseSupplier:MSDSuitable for:The age of 6 weeks or above_Notes:1. Prior doctor assessment before the first vaccination is included.2. Full payment of all doses must be made in the first vaccination. 3. Any fees paid will not be transferable and will not be refundable.4. Offer is valid while stock lasts.

As the Lunar New Year approaches, Hong Kong citizens welcome the festive feasts and traditional delicacies. From the communal sharing of Poon Choi (盆菜) to the sweet indulgence of glutinous rice cakes, food plays a central role in our celebrations. While we prepare for gatherings with family and friends, it's crucial to prioritize food safety, an aspect often overlooked in the excitement of the holiday season. From shopping for food safety to avoiding choking hazards and how to store leftovers best, let's explore essential safety tips for enjoying traditional Chinese New Year food while keeping our loved ones healthy and safe.-Smart Shopping for Traditional Chinese New Year SnacksThe iconic candy box, also called Chuen Hup (全盒), is a staple in most homes during the Lunar New Year celebrations in Hong Kong. While these containers filled with pistachios, melon seeds, and candies bring joy to visitors, choosing safe options requires attention to detail.-Avoiding Food Colouring in Candies When selecting candies for your Chinese New Year candy box, be particularly mindful of artificial food dyes. Research shows that synthetic colorants like Red 40, Yellow 5, and Blue 1, which create unnaturally vibrant hues in candies, are linked to behavioral changes and hyperactivity in children . Instead, look for treats with more subdued colors from natural sources like butterfly pea flowers, beetroot, or turmeric.-What to Look for in Safe Traditional Snacks For traditional Chinese New Year snacks, quality indicators are crucial. Natural pistachios should have a light beige to the pale cream-colored shell with occasional dark spots. Avoid those with uniformly bright white or chalk-like shells, as this often indicates bleaching with hydrogen peroxide, which can leave harmful chemical residues. Similarly, when selecting melon seeds, look for ones with a natural matte finish rather than a glass-like shine. An unnaturally uniform, high-gloss appearance often suggests excessive waxing with potentially harmful substances that can accumulate in the body over time.-Preventing Choking Incidents During FestivitiesTraditional Lunar New Year food, particularly glutinous items like tong yuen (湯圓) and rice cakes, presents significant choking hazards, especially for young children and elderly individuals with compromised swallowing abilities. When preparing these foods, try to modify them to reduce choking incidents. For tong yuen, cut these glutinous rice balls into quarters before serving, and ensure they're thoroughly cooked until soft but not overly sticky. When serving nin gou (年糕), slice it into thin strips or cubes no larger than 1 inch wide, and consider steaming until extra tender rather than the traditional pan-frying method, which can create a chewier texture. -Creating a safe eating environment when eating these foods minimises the chances of choking. Avoid serving these foods during animated conversations or festive games, and maintain proper lighting so everyone can see their food. For elderly relatives with dentures, swallowing difficulties, or young children, always have at least one person at the table watching for signs of distress.-Blue Care believe the best way to live well is to be healthier. To live a healthy life, you cannot just talk about it on paper.Regular Health Check is one of the ways to cultivate healthy living habits. It can help you understand your current physical condition and detect potential disease-causing health problems early.- We offer 2025 Chinese New Year Check-up offer, up to 32% discounts off. You can also enjoy special price of HK$215 to receive flu vaccine when you purchase a designated check-up plan (original price is HK$350). Click here-to read check-up plan details.-Serving and Preparing Poon Choi (盆菜)-Safe Preparation of Poon ChoiPoon Choi, a quintessential Lunar New Year dish in Hong Kong, requires meticulous handling due to its complex preparation process and multiple ingredients. The preparation of poon choi involves various ingredients requiring different cooking methods, from braised meats to seafood and vegetables. Each component undergoes distinct preparation processes, including marinating, pre-cooking, cooling, and final assembly. This complexity creates multiple critical points where food safety can be compromised if proper procedures aren't followed. To maintain food safety during preparation, implement a systematic approach to temperature control. Studies show that leaving food at room temperature for extended periods allows foodborne pathogens to multiply rapidly, potentially producing heat-resistant toxins that persist even after reheating . When preparing ingredients in advance, cool them rapidly using an ice bath system, divide larger portions into smaller batches and place them in shallow containers to accelerate the cooling process. Store all pre-cooked components at 4°C in sealed containers to prevent cross-contamination.-Safely Serving Poon ChoiWhen serving poon choi, temperature management is crucial. Reheat the dish thoroughly until the core temperature reaches at least 75°C, verifying with a food thermometer if possible. For extended serving periods, maintain the temperature above 60°C using appropriate heating equipment, like a gas stove. When sharing food with others, use designated serving chopsticks to prevent cross-contamination between diners. This practice becomes especially important during large gatherings where multiple people share the same dish over an extended period.-How to Safely Save Leftovers After Chinese New YearLunar New Year celebrations typically involve abundant food preparation, often leading to significant leftovers at the end of the holiday. Inappropriate storage of food leftovers could cause foodborne illnesses, making food storage imperative.-Critical Temperature Control and Storage GuidelinesTime and temperature control are crucial in preventing bacterial multiplication. Potentially harmful bacteria can multiply rapidly between 4°C and 60°C in foods, making refrigeration crucial when storing leftovers. You should refrigerate all leftover dishes within two hours of cooking or serving. Any food left at room temperature for more than four hours should be discarded, as this duration allows dangerous levels of bacterial growth and potential toxin production. -Glutinous rice cakes and puddings are susceptible to moisture-induced mold growth, even under refrigeration. These items require careful monitoring, and any signs of mold growth or unusual taste indicate potential contamination, requiring immediate disposal. People often slice off the portion with mold while thinking it's safe to eat the section without the mold. However, once mold has developed, even a small part of it has already spread to the underlayers of the food product. Disposing of the whole portion at this stage is advised. -If you decide to store leftovers, implement a strict three-day disposal policy for refrigerated ones, regardless of how fresh they look. You should store leftovers in sanitized, airtight containers to minimize cross-contamination and maintain proper food quality.-Sniff Test - Is it Safe?The common practice of "sniff testing" tells us that it's safe to eat if it doesn’t smell abnormal. However, this test provides a false sense of security, as harmful bacteria can thrive without producing detectable odors or visible changes. Even apparently fresh-looking food can harbor dangerous levels of pathogens. When reheating leftovers, ensure the core temperature reaches 75°C and only reheat once. Multiple reheating cycles can create conditions favorable for bacterial resistance.-Ensuring Food Safety During the Lunar New YearAs we embrace Lunar New Year celebrations in Hong Kong, food safety remains crucial for protecting our family's health. From selecting safe traditional Chinese New Year snacks and managing choking hazards in glutinous foods, to handling communal dishes like poon choi, these practices ensure our cherished traditional foods can be enjoyed safely by everyone. By following these guidelines, we can focus on what truly matters: creating joyful memories with family and friends over traditional festive delicacies during the Lunar New Year.

Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a painful condition caused by the reactivation of the chickenpox virus. While it can affect anyone who’s previously had chickenpox, shingles predominantly strike older adults and individuals with weakened immune systems. In Hong Kong, where the population is ageing and healthcare systems are already stretched, the importance of vaccines like Shingrix cannot be overstated. According to a Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics study, an estimated 2 in 7 will experience shingles, 1 in 20 will develop shingles-related nerve pain, and 1 in 100 will experience shingles around the eye.-What is Herpes Zoster (Shingles)?Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. After chickenpox, the virus lies dormant in nerve tissues and can reactivate later in life, mainly due to aging or weakened immunity.-Shingles often begin with tingling, itching, or burning sensations on one side of the body or face, followed by a painful rash in a band-like pattern. The rash evolves into fluid-filled blisters that eventually burst and scab over. Common accompanying symptoms include fever, headaches, and fatigue. If the rash affects the face or eyes, it can lead to vision problems or blindness.-A serious complication of shingles is postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), where severe nerve pain persists after the rash heals, sometimes for months or years. This long-lasting pain is more common in older adults. Other complications may include bacterial infections at the rash site or, in rare cases, neurological issues.-The Risk of ShinglesOur immune systems naturally weaken as we age, making adults over 50 more vulnerable to developing shingles. This vulnerability is heightened for individuals with certain health conditions that compromise the immune system, such as leukemia, lymphoma, or HIV. Additionally, those who have undergone treatments like chemotherapy or organ transplants are at greater risk due to the impact these procedures have on immune function.-With a weakened immune system, the risk of contracting shingles increases, as does the likelihood of experiencing severe complications. These complications can include long-lasting nerve pain known as postherpetic neuralgia or even vision loss if shingles affect the area around the eyes.-Spreading of ShinglesAlthough shingles cannot be passed from one person to another, the varicella-zoster virus can be spread from someone with shingles to another person who has never had chickenpox or hasn’t been vaccinated against it. This can result in that person developing not shingles but chickenpox. It's important to remember that shingles are most contagious when the rash is blistering, but the risk of spreading the virus diminishes once the rash has scabbed over.-What to Do to Protect Others if You Have ShinglesIf you are diagnosed with shingles, there are steps you can take to avoid spreading the virus to others. Covering the rash is crucial to prevent the spread of the virus, and it’s essential to avoid touching or scratching the rash. Regular hand washing for at least 20 seconds can also help reduce the spread of the virus. It’s also best to avoid contact with particular groups, including pregnant individuals who have never had chickenpox, premature infants, and those with weakened immune systems.-Prevention of Shingles with the Shingrix VaccineThe Shingrix vaccine is currently the most effective way to prevent shingles and its complications. Approved by the FDA, Shingrix is specifically designed for adults aged 50 and older and those with weakened immune systems. It’s important to note that while Shingrix protects against shingles (herpes zoster), it does not prevent chickenpox.-The Shingrix vaccine is administered in two doses, spaced between 2 and 6 months apart. Clinical trials have shown that it is more than 90% effective at preventing shingles in older adults. This high efficacy makes Shingrix the preferred choice over the older Zostavax vaccine.-Blue Care is providing Shingrix vaccine services. The aged 18 years or above at increased risk of herpes zoster and aged 50 or over to get vaccinated at their own cost to reduce the activation of shingles and the complications that come with the condition. For discount offer, you may click here-to review more details.-Are There Any Side Effects of the Shingrix Vaccine?As with any vaccine, the shingles vaccine may cause side effects. The most common side effects include headaches and soreness at the injection site. Pain, swelling, and itching where the shot was administered are typical reactions. The injection area may appear red for individuals with white skin, while this redness might be harder to detect on darker skin tones. Additionally, some people may experience fatigue, muscle pain, or mild fever after receiving the vaccine. These side effects are generally short-lived and resolve within a few days.-While serious side effects are rare, you must consult a healthcare provider if you have certain medical conditions or concerns. Individuals who have a history of severe allergic reactions to any component of the vaccine should avoid Shingrix. Those who are immunocompromised due to conditions like HIV, cancer treatments, or autoimmune disorders should also speak to their doctor. Their immune systems may respond differently to the vaccine or require special monitoring.-People with active shingles should wait until the illness has resolved before receiving the vaccine. Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should discuss the timing of vaccination with their healthcare provider to ensure it’s appropriate for their situation.-Managing Shingles: The Importance of Awareness and PreventionShingles can be painful and debilitating, particularly for older adults and those with weakened immune systems. While its symptoms can be managed, the best strategy is prevention, especially considering long-term complications such as postherpetic neuralgia and vision loss.-With Hong Kong's aging population and the strain on healthcare systems, the importance of reducing the public health burden of shingles through vaccination is clear. Taking preventive steps, such as getting vaccinated with Shingrix, is a proactive way to protect yourself and others, particularly those most vulnerable to the spread of the virus.-Remarks:1. Source：National Library of Medicine (2023) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10026898/2. Source：GlaxoSmithKline plc(2024) https://shingrixhcp.com/3. Source：Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) https://www.cdc.gov/shingles/about/index.html

October through December marks hairy crab season in Hong Kong, a highly anticipated time for locals and food lovers to enjoy this seasonal delicacy. Hairy crabs are known for their unique flavor and creamy roe, making them a popular choice despite their high cholesterol content. While hairy crabs offer significant nutritional benefits, they are also rich in cholesterol, so it’s essential to approach them in moderation.-The Nutritional Value of Hairy CrabHairy crabs pack a punch when it comes to nutrition. They’re rich in protein, iron, zinc, and calcium, which benefit various bodily functions and contribute to overall health. However, they are also higher in cholesterol than many other types of seafood. While their nutrient profile makes them valuable in a balanced diet, the high cholesterol levels call for mindful consumption. Here’s a closer look at the nutritional value and how each component can benefit your health.-ProteinA 6-ounce hairy crab provides approximately the same protein as three eggs. Protein is essential for many bodily functions, and hairy crab is an excellent source:-Muscle Mass and Strength: Protein helps build and repair muscle, making it crucial for physically active people. Hairy crabs can be an especially appealing protein source for those looking to increase muscle tone.Boosts Metabolism and Increases Fat Burning: High protein intake has been shown to significantly boost metabolism and increase the number of calories you burn. That’s because your body uses calories to digest and use the nutrients in foods.Reduced Cravings: Protein is known to reduce appetite and cravings. Eating protein-rich foods like hairy crab can help regulate hunger, reduce the urge to snack, and may even aid in weight management.-IronEach 6-ounce serving of hairy crab contains around 2.9 mg of iron. Iron is crucial for energy and focus, facilitating oxygen transport to the muscles and brain. Here’s how iron from hairy crabs can benefit different groups:For men over 19: Most men require 8 mg of iron daily . Hairy crab, included in your diet, can help meet this requirement, supporting energy levels and overall physical performance.For Women: Women's iron needs vary from 18 mg daily for those ages 19-50, 8 mg for those over 50, and 27 mg during pregnancy. Adequate iron intake can prevent anemia and support a healthy pregnancy.-Iron deficiency can reduce stamina, weaken the immune system, and negatively impact mental focus.-Zinc With about 3.7 mg of zinc per 6-ounce serving , hairy crabs may contribute to immune health, metabolic function, and inflammation reduction.Immune System Support: Zinc is essential for immune response, helping your body fend off infections and recover faster from illnesses.Metabolic Benefits: Zinc regulates metabolic processes, making it essential for converting food into energy.Wound Healing and Anti-Inflammation: Zinc accelerates wound healing and reduces inflammation, especially in combating chronic conditions.-Cholesterol in Hairy Crab: CholesterolHairy crabs, especially the rich, creamy roe, are notoriously high in cholesterol. In 100 grams of crab paste, cholesterol levels can range from 200 to 466 milligrams, which is significant given that the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a daily limit of 300 milligrams for healthy adults. This high cholesterol contentmeans a small portion can approach or exceed the daily limit, making moderation essential. Those with heart disease, high blood cholesterol, or a family history of cardiovascular issues should be especially cautious.Fat from animal sources can raise LDL (bad) cholesterol levels in the bloodstream, contributing to plaque buildup in arteries over time. To enjoy hairy crabs without risking LDL spikes, consider limiting consumption of the roe, which contains the highest concentration.We recommend consuming no more than two hairy crabs at a time, typically around 4-6 taels.Those with high cholesterol or heart conditions should limit themselves to just one crab. Eating smaller quantities minimizes health risks associated with high cholesterol and ensures you enjoy the health benefits without overindulgence. Pairing hairy crab with fiber-rich vegetables and avoiding other high-cholesterol foods on the same day can help maintain a healthy diet.-How to Handle and Select Hairy CrabsWhen it comes to enjoying hairy crabs, ensuring safety is as essential as savoring their unique taste. Hairy crabs can carry bacteria and parasites that, if not properly handled, may lead to foodborne illnesses. As a seasonal delicacy in Hong Kong, they are often enjoyed in the autumn months, but consuming them safely requires attention to selection, storage, preparation, and consumption. Here are key steps for handling hairy crabs properly, from selecting fresh ones at the market to preparing them safely in your kitchen.-SelectionOnly purchase live, intact crabs with shiny shells and no foul odor. Freshness is vital to avoid bacterial growth.StorageStore crabs in the refrigerator until ready to cook, as this slows bacterial growth. Consume as soon as possible after purchase, as freshness diminishes quickly.PreparationBrush and clean the shells and claws under running water before cooking. Hairy crabs may carry parasites, so cooking thoroughly is necessary. Avoid eating raw crabs, as condiments like vinegar or wasabi cannot kill bacteria or parasites.ConsumptionRemove internal organs before eating. To reduce health risks, maintain a balanced diet and avoid overindulging in the cholesterol-rich roe. Also, wash hands thoroughly with soap and water before consuming.-Remarks:1. Source : Food Safety by Events and Seasons. (2021). Centre for Food Safety.https://www.cfs.gov.hk/english/whatsnew/whatsnew_sfst/whatsnew_sfst_Fresh_Water_Hairy_Crabs_and_Food_Safety.html2. Source : Everything you need to know about iron. (2018). Medical News Today. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/2872283. No More Limits on Amount of Cholesterol Intake? (2022). Centre of Health Protection. https://www.chp.gov.hk/en/static/90041.html4. Jesch, Elliot D, and Timothy P Carr. “Food Ingredients That Inhibit Cholesterol Absorption.” Preventive nutrition and food sciencevol. 22,2 (2017): 67-80. doi:10.3746/pnf.2017.22.2.67

Social anxiety, also known as social phobia, is a common mental health disorder that affects individuals across the globe, often impacting their ability to lead fulfilling social lives. In Hong Kong, the impact of social anxiety is considerable. Local research has shown that up to 28.7%of Hong Kong residents are suffering from various degree of social anxiety symptoms. - Despite these numbers, relatively few people seek help. Only 8.7% of affected individuals in Hong Kongseeks professional support, compared to over 20%in Western countries.-What is Social Anxiety? What is it about social anxiety that affects even the most confident people on the surface? Social anxiety disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by a pervasive fear of social situations where individuals feel they may be judged or scrutinized negatively by others. This condition often leads to avoidance behaviors, impacting one’s ability to participate in everyday activities such as public speaking, meeting new people, or engaging in casual conversations.- For many, social anxiety can be a lifelong issue, significantly disrupting relationships, work, and daily routines. Although anxiety disorders generally show nearly a 2:1 female-to-male ratio in Hong Kong3, social anxiety does not show a notable gender difference. The condition typically begins in adolescence or early adulthood, making it crucial to recognize symptoms early and seek treatment if needed.-What Are the Symptoms of Social Anxiety Disorder?Individuals with social anxiety experience a range of symptoms that can affect their emotional well-being and physical health, often leading to significant lifestyle changes. -1.Fear of being judged: A persistent worry about facing negative evaluation from others.2.Fear of embarrassment: A deep-seated fear of doing something embarrassing in public.3.Difficulty with strangers: Anxiety in situations that require interacting with people they do not know well.4.Physical symptoms: Signs of distress, such as blushing, sweating, trembling, or a shaky voice, often intensify their anxiety.- The excessive anxiety that’s out of proportion to the situation and these symptoms typically cause individuals to avoid social interactions, impacting their social lives and personal relationships.-DiagnosisDiagnosing social anxiety disorder involves a detailed assessment by a mental health professional to ensure that the condition is appropriately understood and treated. This typically includes a physical exam to rule out any underlying medical causes of symptoms, such as hyperthyroidism or medication side effects. The professional then examines the frequency, intensity, and specific situations that provoke anxiety. Identifying situational triggers helps distinguish social anxiety from general shyness, allowing for a tailored treatment approach. - Criteria listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association must be fulfilled. - The use of screening tools like the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) may help to identify those who need to be referred to qualified healthcare professionals. A cutoff score ≥ 19 indicates the need for referral. SPIN also helps to monitor treatment progress.-Treatment of Social Anxiety DisorderTreatment depends on how much social anxiety affects the daily life of the individual. The most common treatment for social anxiety disorder includes psychotherapy, medication or both.Social Anxiety Psychotherapy Treatments-Psychotherapy, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), is highly effective for treating social anxiety disorder. CBT helps individuals identify and change cognitive distortion and their associated behaviour to improve emotional regulation and develop personal coping strategies.-Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)CBT is widely regarded as one of the most effective treatments for social anxiety disorder, focusing on identifying, challenging, and transforming the distorted thought patterns and beliefs that fuel anxiety. - Through CBT, individuals learn to recognize distorted thoughts about social interactions, such as fears of judgment or embarrassment, and replace them with more balanced, realistic perspectives. This process helps individuals move away from self-defeating thought cycles, encouraging them to develop healthier coping mechanisms. CBT also equips individuals with practical skills for managing anxiety, such as breathing exercises and thought-stopping techniques, which they can use during high-stress moments.-Exposure-Based CBT Exposure-based CBT is a specialized form of cognitive-behavioral therapy that involves gradually exposing individuals to feared social situations in a controlled and systematic way. This approach is structured to help patients slowly and safely confront situations that typically provoke anxiety, such as speaking in front of a group, meeting new people, or even making eye contact.-Starting with less intimidating scenarios and progressively working toward more challenging situations, individuals build confidence and learn to manage their anxiety step-by-step. Techniques used in exposure-based CBT include role-playing social interactions, social skills training, and practising real-life scenarios in safe settings.-Social Anxiety Drug Treatment Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are often the first type of drug tried for persistent symptoms of social anxiety. The serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) also may be a treatment option.-To reduce the risk of side effects, the treating doctor usually starts at a low dose of medication and gradually increases to a full dose. It may take several weeks to several months of treatment for those anxiety symptoms to noticeably improve.-Don’t Give UpBoth psychotherapy and drug treatment don’t work quickly. Learning new skills to help manage one’s anxiety takes time and finding the right medication for society anxiety disorder takes time.-For some people, the symptoms of social anxiety disorder may fade over time and medication can be discontinued but others may need to take medication for years to prevent a relapse.-Overcoming socialization barrier for Social Anxiety in Hong KongSocial anxiety is a prevalent mental health condition in Hong Kong, affecting individuals across various social and professional backgrounds. Unfortunately, the stigma around mental health issues often discourages people from seeking help, leading to prolonged struggles with anxiety and isolation.-By increasing awareness and promoting open conversations about social anxiety, Hong Kong can foster a more inclusive society where people feel encouraged to seek help. With medication and/ or psychotherapies, or a combination of both, individuals with social anxiety can find effective ways to manage their symptoms and returning to society to lead fulfilling lives.Remarks:1. Source：新生精神康復會 (2023) https://www.nlpra.org.hk/annualreportdetail/tc/pub/330/2532. Source：精神健康諮詢委員會 (2020) https://www.shallwetalk.hk/en/mental-health-information/anxiety-disorders/3. Source: 社交恐懼症調查表 (2024) https://greenspacehealth.com/en-us/social-anxiety-spin/4. Source : Lee, Ng, Kwok, & Tsang. (2009). Prevalence and correlates of social fears in Hong Kong. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(3), 327-332.5. Source : Lee, S., Lee, M. T. Y., & Kwok, K. (2005). A community-based telephone survey of social anxiety disorder in Hong Kong. Journal of Affective Disorders, 88, 183–186.6. Source : Connor K.M., Jonathan R.T., et al. Psychometric properties of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN): New self-rating scale. The British Journal of Psychiatry (2000) 176: 379-386

Upper cross syndrome (UCS) is a postural imbalance that occurs when specific muscles in the upper body become overactive and tight while others weaken from underuse. This muscular imbalance primarily affects the neck, shoulders, and upper back.-UCS is becoming increasingly prevalent in Hong Kong due to a largely sedentary lifestyle. Many people, including children, spend long hours on computers, smartphones, and tablets for work and leisure activities like gaming. Early exposure to digital screens further heightens the risk of UCS. A 2016 survey by the University of Hong Kong (HKU) revealed that 74.8% of children spent more than two hours daily on digital devices, a much higher.-percentage than in the United States (20.8%) and Beijing, China (47.4%)1. This early onset of poor posture habits makes Hong Kong residents prone to developing UCS.-What is Upper Cross Syndrome?Upper cross syndrome occurs when the muscles around the neck, shoulders, and chest are imbalanced. In this condition:●The back muscles of the neck and shoulders become overactive, leading to tension and strain.●Chest muscles tighten and shorten, further exacerbating postural issues.●Overused muscles work overtime, while other muscles—such as those in the front of the neck and lower shoulders—become weakened and underused.-The name “upper cross syndrome” reflects the “X” shape formed by the overactive and underactive muscle regions when mapped out.-The 5 Symptoms of Upper Cross SyndromeIndividuals with Upper Cross syndrome experience several visible and physical symptoms: 1. Rounded Shoulders and Hunched Posture: Due to continuous tension, shoulders appear elevated and rounded, creating a slouched appearance over time.2. Forward Head Posture: The head cranes forward, leading to further strain on the neck.3. Spinal Curvature Imbalance: The spine may curve inward near the neck and outward in the upper back, creating a noticeable imbalance.4. Pain and Discomfort: People often experience neck pain, shoulder tension, and upper back muscle fatigue. Muscle strain can also cause jaw pain and headaches.5. Difficulty in Daily Tasks: Sitting for long periods, reading, and maintaining focus becomes challenging as muscles tire quickly.-How Can I Treat Upper Cross Syndrome?Treatment for upper cross syndrome involves making conscious postural adjustments and incorporating regular exercise to strengthen and stretch affected muscles. Even though stretching may initially cause discomfort, it is essential to avoid inactivity, as restricting movement can lead to stiffness and worsen symptoms.-Physiotherapy for Upper Cross SyndromePhysiotherapy is a practical, non-invasive approach for treating upper cross syndrome. One of the primary goals of physiotherapy is to improve posture by correcting misalignments such as forward head posture, rounded shoulders, and excessive curvature in the upper back. These adjustments help reduce the strain on affected muscles, restoring proper alignment and balance. The muscles gradually return to their optimal function as posture improves, reducing tension and preventing further deterioration.-Another significant benefit of physiotherapy is pain relief. Many individuals with upper cross syndrome suffer from chronic neck, shoulder, and upper back pain, which can limit daily activities and decrease quality of life. Through manual therapy, physiotherapists can ease muscle tension, improve joint mobility, and reduce discomfort. Addressing both the root cause of UCS and its associated symptoms, physiotherapy provides holistic relief, allowing patients to regain function and return to their routines without constant pain.-Upper Cross Syndrome ExercisesNeck RotationsNeck rotations are crucial for restoring flexibility and relieving tension in the neck and shoulders. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to perform them:1. Sit or stand upright with your head aligned over your shoulders and your back straight.2. Slowly turn your head to the right until you feel a stretch along the side of your neck and shoulder.3. Hold the stretch for 15-30 seconds, then return your head to the centre.4. Repeat the stretch on the left side. Perform up to 10 sets on each side for maximum benefit.-Shoulder RollsShoulder rolls help release tension and improve mobility in the shoulder area. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to do them:1. Stand upright with your arms relaxed by your sides and your feet shoulder-width apart.2. Slowly rotate your shoulders forward, creating large circular movements.3. Repeat the exercise until you complete a set of 10 rolls. This exercise can be done multiple times throughout the day to relieve stiffness.-Upper Cross Syndrome FAQ-Is Surgery Required for Upper Cross Syndrome?Surgery is not necessary to treat the upper cross syndrome. Noninvasive physiotherapy, exercise, and postural correction are usually sufficient. Surgery is only considered in rare cases of structural damage to the spine.-Can Upper Cross Syndrome Lead to Other Health Issues if Left Untreated?Untreated upper cross syndrome can lead to secondary health problems, such as:● Chronic neck, shoulder, and upper back pain● Frequent headaches●Compression issues that restrict chest expansion, affecting respiratory functionReduced shoulder stability and impaired joint function due to prolonged muscular imbalance-What Lifestyle Changes Can Help Prevent Upper Cross Syndrome?Incorporating the following lifestyle changes can prevent UCS and reduce the risk of recurrence:● Maintain good posture when sitting and standing.● Take regular breaks to stretch and move during long periods of sitting.● Strengthen upper back and neck muscles with targeted exercises.● Use ergonomic workstations to support proper posture.-Take Control of Upper Cross SyndromeUpper cross syndrome is a growing concern, particularly in regions like Hong Kong, where sedentary lifestyles and prolonged use of digital devices are prevalent across all age groups. With children developing poor posture habits early on and many adults spending long hours at desks or on their smartphones, the risks associated with UCS are becoming more apparent.-Upper cross syndrome is manageable through postural correction, physiotherapy, and regular exercises. Simple changes, such as neck rotations and shoulder rolls, can alleviate symptoms and improve alignment. For more severe cases, physiotherapy offers a structured and effective way to restore balance, relieve pain, and help patients regain proper function. The key to managing UCS lies in long-term awareness and prevention. Adopting healthy posture habits, staying active, and creating ergonomic workspaces can go a long way toward preventing the condition from developing or recurring.-Remarks1. Medical News Today. (2017). What's to know about upper crossed syndrome?Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/3188972. Hong Kong Spine Centre. (2024). Say goodbye to headaches with neck, shoulders, and upper back stretches. Available from: https://www.spinecentre.com.hk/en/about-chiropractic/exercises/neck-and-shoulder-stretches3. SPOTEBI Fitness and Nutrition. (2024). Shoulder Rolls | Illustrated Exercise Guide. Available from: https://www.spotebi.com/exercise-guide/shoulder-rolls/4. Airrosti. (2024). Upper Cross Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment. Available from: https://www.airrosti.com/injuries-we-treat/upper-cross-syndrome/5. Cureus. (2023). Physiotherapeutic Interventions for Upper Cross Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583860/

Mpox, previously known as monkeypox, is an infectious disease that has attracted global attention due to its outbreaks in various regions. Most monkeypox outbreaks have occurred historically in Central and West Africa, often linked to imported animals or travelers from the affected areas. Monitoring of the mpox virus started in 2022, and up to 31st July 2024, over 100,000 confirmed cases and over 200 deaths were recorded by over 120 countries globally .A notable surge in cases was reported in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, contributing to the global conversation about the virus. Since May 2022, a multi-country outbreak of Mpox has been observed in various countries worldwide, causing widespread concern.-What is MPox?Caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), mpox is a viral infection that can lead to a painful rash, fever, and other flu-like symptoms. The disease often results in swollen lymph nodes, muscle aches, and low energy levels. While many people recover fully from mpox, some may experience severe complications. These symptoms can last 2 to 4 weeks, but people with weakened immune systems may experience more prolonged symptoms. The global outbreak in 2022 affected multiple countries, particularly in Africa, where clades Ia and Ib have been reported, mainly in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.-The Severe Complications of MPoxWhile many people recover from mpox without serious complications, specific individuals may experience severe health issues, particularly those with weakened immune systems. One of the most common complications is the infection of the mpox rash. Once the rash is exposed to bacteria, it can become severely infected, leading to abscesses, open sores, or permanent skin damage. This bacterial infection may require additional treatment, including antibiotics, to prevent further skin deterioration.-Mpox can also lead to respiratory complications, such as pneumonia, mainly if the virus spreads to the lungs. Pneumonia can cause difficulty breathing, chest pain, and severe fatigue, sometimes requiring hospitalization and intensive medical care.- Another serious complication is corneal infection, which can occur if the virus spreads to the eyes. This can result in conjunctivitis (eye inflammation) and, in extreme cases, permanent vision loss. Individuals who experience eye pain, redness, or blurred vision while infected with mpox should seek immediate medical attention to prevent long-term damage.- In some cases, mpox can cause pain or difficulty swallowing, especially if lesions form in the mouth or throat. This complication can lead to dehydration, malnutrition, or the inability to consume food and fluids properly, requiring medical intervention to manage symptoms and ensure proper nourishment.-How is Mpox Transmitted?Mpox is primarily transmitted through close contact with an infected person, making direct physical interactions a significant risk factor. The virus spreads through skin-to-skin contact, such as touching or engaging in sexual activity, as well as through mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-skin contact. Individuals who live in the same household or engage in intimate activities with someone infected are at a higher risk. In particular, people with multiple sexual partners are more susceptible to contracting mpox due to the increased likelihood of close physical contact. The virus can also be passed from a mother to her baby during pregnancy or childbirth, posing risks for the infant.- The virus can also spread indirectly through contact with contaminated objects, such as clothing, towels, or bed linens, touching an infected person’s rash or bodily fluids. Healthcare workers or individuals exposed to needles in clinical settings also face a higher risk, especially if proper precautions aren't taken.- In addition to human-to-human transmission, mpox can be spread from animals to humans, a transmission mode particularly common in regions where the virus is endemic. Animal-to-human transmission typically occurs through bites or scratches from infected animals or during activities like hunting, skinning, trapping, cooking, or playing with animal carcasses. In some cases, people have contracted mpox from consuming undercooked meat from infected animals.-Mpox TreatmentsIn most cases, people with mPox recover without extensive medical treatment. Treatments usually focus on managing the rash and pain. Keeping the affected areas clean and dry helps prevent infections, and over-the-counter medications like antihistamines can relieve itching. Pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen reduce pain and alleviate fever.- Proper wound care, including gentle washing with soap and water and covering the rash with clean bandages, is essential to avoid complications. If the rash affects the eyes, immediate medical attention is necessary to prevent severe issues like vision loss. For most, rest and hydration are enough for recovery at home, but severe cases may require medical attention or hospitalization.-Prevention of MPox with the MPox VaccineThe mpox vaccine is a critical tool in preventing the spread of the virus, especially for individuals at high risk, such as healthcare workers or those with multiple sexual partners. The vaccine is most effective when administered before exposure, but it can also be given after contact with someone with mpox. For post-exposure protection, the vaccine should be administered within four days of contact to prevent the onset of symptoms. If given between 4 and 14 days after exposure, it may still reduce the severity of the illness.-The mpox vaccine helps the body build immunity against the virus, reducing the risk of severe symptoms or complications. It’s particularly recommended during outbreaks or in areas with ongoing transmission. Vaccination, good hygiene practices, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals offer the best protection against mpox.-Under the Central for Health Protection programme in Hong Kong, the following high-risk target groups of Hong Kong residents can receive Mpox vaccination from Social Hygiene Service Clinics on a voluntary basis:● Individuals with high risk sexual practices, e.g. men who have sex with men (MSM), having multiple sexual partners, sex workers, history of sexually transmitted infection within the past 12 months;● Healthcare workers responsible for caring of patients with confirmed Mpox;● Laboratory personnel working with zoonotic pox viruses; and●Animal care personnel with high risk of exposure in case of Mpox occurrence in animals in Hong Kong-The Ongoing Challenges of MPoxMpox continues to be a public health concern, impacting individuals and communities worldwide. The virus’s ability to spread through close contact and its potential complications underscores the need for ongoing awareness and medical readiness. While most people recover with minimal intervention, the risk of severe symptoms and complications for some populations makes timely medical care and prevention efforts like vaccination vital.- As the global community works to address and contain mpox, the collective focus remains on minimizing its impact through vaccines, proper healthcare, and reducing transmission. By prioritizing prevention and early treatment, we can better manage the risks associated with mpox and help mitigate its spread.-Remarks:1. ECDC. (2024). Epidemiological update, week 37/2024: Mpox due to monkeypox virus clade I. Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/news-events/mpox-monkeypox-epidemiological-update-week-37-20242. Centre for Health Protection. (2024). Mpox Vaccination Programme. Available from: https://www.chp.gov.hk/en/features/106090.html3. World Health Organization. (2024). MPox. Available from:https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mpox4. World Health Organization. (2024) WHO Director-General declares mpox outbreak a public health emergency of international concern. Available from: https://www.who.int/news/item/14-08-2024-who-director-general-declares-mpox-outbreak-a-public-health-emergency-of-international-concern